Dyslexia is a feature of brain function and development that occurs due to a disorder in the process of processing language information. It is difficult for a person to learn to read fluently and effortlessly. Early diagnosis is of great importance. Dyslexia can be congenital or acquired after various neurological diseases, such as a stroke. Dyslexia is characterized by dysfunction of the normal left hemisphere.
Types of dyslexia
Signs:
Difficulty learning the relationship between letters and sounds;
Difficulty dividing and connecting sounds in one word;
Reads and makes a lot of mistakes;
Try to guess the endings of the word;
The text is read quickly;
Difficulty understanding the meaning of the text;
Difficulty pronouncing long words;
Try to remember words by their appearance.
Signs:
There is difficulty in remembering the shape and appearance of letters;
Does not recognize words;
The text is read slowly;
Eyes get tired quickly, they tear.
Facilitation in the learning process:
1) Organize regular (daily) and short (15 minutes) consultations;
2) Do not make to read aloud in front of the audience;
3) Use colors to improve the perception of the text;
4) Reduce the amount of text;
5) Use larger letters;
6) Highlight the main idea in the text;
7) So that the gaze does not wander to another line, place, for example, a ruler, a white sheet of paper, etc., at the bottom of the line to be read;
8) Observe silence;
9) Be patient, do not rush the child;
10) The support person reads the text aloud;
11) Reading in small groups;
12) Reading texts together;
13) Phoneme training (sounds, syllables, words, short sentences);
14) Visual word recognition;
15) Teach that literacy has many advantages;
16) Teach that reading is interesting;
17) Read thematic literature that interests the child;
18) Create pictograms, drawings for text;
19) Use not only sight and hearing, but also touch;
20) Record audio of educational materials (CD, etc.);
21) Search for alternative ways of obtaining information (TV, audio books, museums, exhibitions, films, etc.);
22) Availability of books.
